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Installing a Node

Ensure the requirements listed in the following sections are met before you start setting up the node on the network, either on Mainnet or Testnet.

Network Requirements​

The following ports are used by the node:

  • 35000 (required to be externally visible)
  • 7777 RPC endpoint for interaction with JSON-RPC API
  • 8888 REST endpoint for status and metrics (having this accessible allows your node to be part of network status)
  • 9999 SSE endpoint for event stream

Of these 35000 is the only port required to be open for your node to function, however, opening 8888 will allow others to know general network health. For more details, see the additional information on Node Endpoints.

Operating System Requirements​

The recommended OS version is Ubuntu 20.04.

Using Ubuntu 22.04​

Installing using Ubuntu 22.04 follows the same instructions as 20.04 with one exception:

If you try to install packages, you will receive:

casper-client : Depends: libssl1.1 (>= 1.1.0) but it is not installable

This message is due to the default openssl moving to 3. with Ubuntu 22.04. You need to install OpenSSL 1. for prior versions of Ubuntu to use the Casper binaries with the following command:

curl -f -JLO http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/o/openssl/libssl1.1_1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.20_amd64.deb
sudo apt install ./libssl1.1_1.1.1f-1ubuntu2.19_amd64.deb

Required Number of Open Files​

Before beginning, update the maximum open files limit for your system. Specifically, update the node's /etc/security/limits.conf file as described here, to ensure proper node operation.

Required Clean Up​

If you were running a previous node on this box, this will clean up state. If packages are not installed, the apt remove may give errors, but this is not a problem.

sudo systemctl stop casper-node-launcher.service
sudo apt remove -y casper-client
sudo apt remove -y casper-node
sudo apt remove -y casper-node-launcher
sudo rm /etc/casper/casper-node-launcher-state.toml
sudo rm -rf /etc/casper/1_*
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/casper/*

Required Packages​

The following commands will set up the Casper Labs repository for packages:

echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://repo.casperlabs.io/releases focal main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/casper.list
curl -O https://repo.casperlabs.io/casper-repo-pubkey.asc
sudo apt-key add casper-repo-pubkey.asc
sudo apt update

Required Tools​

sudo apt install -y casper-client casper-node-launcher jq

Enable Bash Auto-Completion for casper-client (Optional)​

sudo casper-client generate-completion

It defaults to bash but can be changed with the --shell argument:

--shell <STRING>    The type of shell to generate the completion script for [default: bash]  [possible values:
                            zsh, bash, fish, powershell, elvish]

sudo casper-client generate-completion --shell powershell

You need to source the new auto completion script or log out and log in again to activate it for the current shell:

source /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/casper-client

Now you can use casper-client and press the tab key to get auto completion for your commands.

Installing All Protocols​

On Mainnet, run:

sudo -u casper /etc/casper/node_util.py stage_protocols casper.conf

On Testnet, run:

sudo -u casper /etc/casper/node_util.py stage_protocols casper-test.conf

Validator Keys​

If you do not have keys yet, you can create them using the following command:

sudo -u casper casper-client keygen /etc/casper/validator_keys

For more details, see the Node Setup page.

Getting a Trusted Hash​

In the past, we have used a lower trusted_hash. Connecting at the tip, we now use as high of a trusted_hash as possible. Find out more about Fast Sync.

Node Address​

NODE_ADDR can be set to an IP of a trusted node, or to Casper Labs' public nodes

You can find active peers at https://cspr.live/tools/peers or use the following Casper Labs public nodes:

Protocol Version​

Protocol version should be set to the largest available protocol version you see in ls /etc/casper. As of writing this, it was 1_5_2:

PROTOCOL=1_5_2

Load trusted_hash in Config.toml of the Protocol Version​

The following command uses the previously established NODE_ADDR and PROTOCOL to load the trusted_hash:

NODE_ADDR=https://rpc.mainnet.casperlabs.io
PROTOCOL=1_5_2
sudo sed -i "/trusted_hash =/c\trusted_hash = '$(casper-client get-block --node-address $NODE_ADDR | jq -r .result.block.hash | tr -d '\n')'" /etc/casper/$PROTOCOL/config.toml

Syncing to Genesis​

In the latest protocol version's Config.toml, you will find the option sync_to_genesis. By default, this value will be set to true.

If you are planning to run a validator node, it is better to not sync your node to genesis. This will increase node performance. In this case, the option should be changed to:

sync_to_genesis = false

If you are using the node for historical data and want to query back to genesis, you can leave the default value in place.

Starting the Node​

Start the node using the following commands:

sudo /etc/casper/node_util.py rotate_logs
sudo /etc/casper/node_util.py start

Monitoring the Synchronization Process​

The following command will display the node synchronization details:

/etc/casper/node_util.py watch

When you first run the watch command, you may see the message RPC: Not Ready. Once the node is synchronized, the status will change to RPC: Ready and a similar output:

Last Block: 630151 (Era: 4153)
Peer Count: 297
Uptime: 4days 6h 40m 18s 553ms
Build: 1.4.5-a7f6a648d-casper-mainnet
Key: 0147b4cae09d64ab6acd02dd0868722be9a9bcc355c2fdff7c2c244cbfcd30f158
Next Upgrade: None

RPC: Ready

● casper-node-launcher.service - Casper Node Launcher
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/casper-node-launcher.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2022-03-16 21:08:50 UTC; 4 days ago
     Docs: https://docs.casper.network
 Main PID: 2934 (casper-node-lau)
    Tasks: 12 (limit: 4915)
   CGroup: /system.slice/casper-node-launcher.service
           ├─ 2934 /usr/bin/casper-node-launcher
           └─16842 /var/lib/casper/bin/1_4_5/casper-node validator /etc/casper/1_4_5/config.toml

The reactor state will be in CatchUp mode until it acquires the full tip state, at which point it will shift to KeepUp mode. If you left sync_to_genesis as true, it will begin syncing back history at this time.

Seeing available block range - Low: 0 High: 0 is normal until the fill tip is downloaded. You can see download progress with a look at metrics:

$ curl -s 127.0.0.1:8888/metrics | grep trie_or_chunk
# HELP trie_or_chunk_fetch_total number of trie_or_chunk all fetch requests made
# TYPE trie_or_chunk_fetch_total counter
trie_or_chunk_fetch_total 102647
# HELP trie_or_chunk_found_in_storage number of fetch requests that found trie_or_chunk in local storage
# TYPE trie_or_chunk_found_in_storage counter
trie_or_chunk_found_in_storage 0
# HELP trie_or_chunk_found_on_peer number of fetch requests that fetched trie_or_chunk from peer
# TYPE trie_or_chunk_found_on_peer counter
trie_or_chunk_found_on_peer 102263
# HELP trie_or_chunk_timeouts number of trie_or_chunk fetch requests that timed out
# TYPE trie_or_chunk_timeouts counter
trie_or_chunk_timeouts 0

If the node is not showing active (running) status, it is either stopped or in the process of restarting.

Monitoring the Running Node​

The community has created a few tools to monitor your node once it is running, such as:

A Note on Speculative Execution​

The speculative_exec_server defaults to off and can be enabled in your Config.toml file.

While this is a useful tool, understand that it is also an attack vector for a node. The intent is for someone to run on their node as a tool. You should not use this if you are an active validator, as requests into this port can block execution_engine processing for legitimate network traffic.

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