Direct Token Transfer
This workflow describes how to use the Casper command-line client to transfer tokens between purses on a Casper network.
Prerequisites
This workflow assumes:
- You meet the general development prerequisites
- You are using the Casper command-line client
- You have a target public key
- You have a valid node address
- You must be able to sign a deploy for the source account using the source secret key
Direct Transfer Example
The following transfer command allows you to move CSPR from one account's purse to another as denominated in Motes. A Mote is a denomination of the cryptocurrency CSPR, where 1 CSPR = 1,000,000,000 Motes.
For transfers of at least 2.5 CSPR (2,500,000,000 Motes) from a single sender to a single recipient on a Casper network, the most efficient option is to use the direct transfer capability.
casper-client transfer \
--id <ID> \
--transfer-id <TRANSFER_ID> \
--node-address [NODE_SERVER_ADDRESS] \
--amount [AMOUNT_TO_TRANSFER] \
--secret-key [KEY_PATH]/secret_key.pem \
--chain-name [CHAIN_NAME] \
--target-account [TARGET_PUBLIC_KEY_HEX] \
--payment-amount [PAYMENT_AMOUNT_IN_MOTES]
Request fields:
id- Optional JSON-RPC identifier applied to the request and returned in the response. If not provided, a random integer will be assignedtransfer-id-<64-BIT INTEGER> Thetransfer-idis a memo field, providing additional information about the recipient, which is necessary when transferring tokens to some recipients. For example, if depositing tokens into an account's purse where off-chain management keeps track of individual sub-balances, it is necessary to provide a memo ID uniquely identifying the actual recipient. If this is not necessary for a given recipient, you may pass0or someu64value that is meaningful to younode-address- Hostname or IP and port of a node on a network bound to a JSON-RPC endpoint [default:http://localhost:7777]amount-<512-BIT INTEGER> The number of motes to transfer (1 CSPR = 1,000,000,000Motes)secret-key- Path to secret key filechain-name- Name of the chain, to avoid the deploy from being accidentally or maliciously included in a different chain- The chain-name for Testnet is casper-test
- The chain-name for Mainnet is casper
target-account- Hex-encoded public key of the account that will receive the funds in its main pursepayment-amount- The payment for the transfer in motes. The payment amount varies based on each deploy and network chainspec. For Testnet node version 1.5.1, you can specify 10^8 motes
Important response fields:
"result"."deploy_hash"- The address of the deploy, needed to look up additional information about the transfer
note
Save the returned deploy_hash from the output to query information about the transfer deploy later.
Example Transfer:
casper-client transfer -v \
--id 3 \
--transfer-id 11102023 \
--node-address https://rpc.testnet.casperlabs.io/ \
--amount 5000000000 \
--secret-key ~/KEYS/secret_key.pem \
--chain-name casper-test \
--target-account 01360af61b50cdcb7b92cffe2c99315d413d34ef77fadee0c105cc4f1d4120f986 \
--payment-amount 100000000
Explore the JSON-RPC request and response generated.
JSON-RPC Request:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "account_put_deploy",
"params": {
"deploy": {
"hash": "1f17a0bdeaaf71abd03492c854cdf97f746432751721ce555e95b9cefe641e3c",
"header": {
"account": "0154d828baafa6858b92919c4d78f26747430dcbecb9aa03e8b44077dc6266cabf",
"timestamp": "2023-10-12T14:59:40.760Z",
"ttl": "30m",
"gas_price": 1,
"body_hash": "ea7e6a6cbdd4d761827cb627e162896bee3e771beda000550615c9b4fafa3a2d",
"dependencies": [],
"chain_name": "casper-test"
},
"payment": {
"ModuleBytes": {
"module_bytes": "",
"args": [
[
"amount",
{
"cl_type": "U512",
"bytes": "0400e1f505",
"parsed": "100000000"
}
]
]
}
},
"session": {
"Transfer": {
"args": [
[
"amount",
{
"cl_type": "U512",
"bytes": "0500f2052a01",
"parsed": "5000000000"
}
],
[
"target",
{
"cl_type": "PublicKey",
"bytes": "01360af61b50cdcb7b92cffe2c99315d413d34ef77fadee0c105cc4f1d4120f986",
"parsed": "01360af61b50cdcb7b92cffe2c99315d413d34ef77fadee0c105cc4f1d4120f986"
}
],
[
"id",
{
"cl_type": {
"Option": "U64"
},
"bytes": "014767a90000000000",
"parsed": 11102023
}
]
]
}
},
"approvals": [
{
"signer": "0154d828baafa6858b92919c4d78f26747430dcbecb9aa03e8b44077dc6266cabf",
"signature": "01e53cb742ed13ff4f0584a3da0f22f5942a33e010965adf640c91204ae4bc7436f1e5534d338ffa117d193295214816445439781229d24a372085c316eac5e305"
}
]
}
},
"id": 3
}
JSON-RPC Response:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 3,
"result": {
"api_version": "1.5.3",
"deploy_hash": "1f17a0bdeaaf71abd03492c854cdf97f746432751721ce555e95b9cefe641e3c"
}
}
Verifying the Deploy
A transfer on a Casper network is only executed after it has been included in a finalized block.
casper-client get-deploy
--node-address [NODE_SERVER_ADDRESS] [DEPLOY_HASH]
Important response fields:
"result"."execution_results"[0]."transfers[0]"- the address of the executed transfer that the source account initiated. We will use it to look up additional information about the transfer"result"."execution_results"[0]."block_hash"- contains the block hash of the block that included the transfer. We will require the state_root_hash of this block to look up information about the accounts and their purse balances
note
Transfer addresses use a transfer- string prefix.
Example Query:
casper-client get-deploy
--node-address https://rpc.testnet.casperlabs.io
1f17a0bdeaaf71abd03492c854cdf97f746432751721ce555e95b9cefe641e3c
Explore the JSON-RPC request and response generated.
JSON-RPC Request:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "info_get_deploy",
"params": {
"deploy_hash": "1f17a0bdeaaf71abd03492c854cdf97f746432751721ce555e95b9cefe641e3c",
"finalized_approvals": false
},
"id": -3447643973713335073
}
JSON-RPC Response:
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"result": {
"api_version": "1.5.3",
"deploy": {
"hash": "1f17a0bdeaaf71abd03492c854cdf97f746432751721ce555e95b9cefe641e3c",
"header": {
"account": "0154d828baafa6858b92919c4d78f26747430dcbecb9aa03e8b44077dc6266cabf",
"timestamp": "2023-10-12T14:59:40.760Z",
"ttl": "30m",
"gas_price": 1,
"body_hash": "ea7e6a6cbdd4d761827cb627e162896bee3e771beda000550615c9b4fafa3a2d",
"dependencies": [],
"chain_name": "casper-test"
},
"payment": {
"ModuleBytes": {
"module_bytes": "",
"args": [
[
"amount",
{
"cl_type": "U512",
"bytes": "0400e1f505",
"parsed": "100000000"
}
]
]
}
},
"session": {
"Transfer": {
"args": [
[
"amount",
{
"cl_type": "U512",
"bytes": "0500f2052a01",
"parsed": "5000000000"
}
],
[
"target",
{
"cl_type": "PublicKey",
"bytes": "01360af61b50cdcb7b92cffe2c99315d413d34ef77fadee0c105cc4f1d4120f986",
"parsed": "01360af61b50cdcb7b92cffe2c99315d413d34ef77fadee0c105cc4f1d4120f986"
}
],
[
"id",
{
"cl_type": {
"Option": "U64"
},
"bytes": "014767a90000000000",
"parsed": 11102023
}
]
]
}
},
"approvals": [
{
"signer": "0154d828baafa6858b92919c4d78f26747430dcbecb9aa03e8b44077dc6266cabf",
"signature": "01e53cb742ed13ff4f0584a3da0f22f5942a33e010965adf640c91204ae4bc7436f1e5534d338ffa117d193295214816445439781229d24a372085c316eac5e305"
}
]
},
"execution_results": [
{
"block_hash": "aac51dad028ba8b3d6fec86a39252bbc4285d513fd57a8af4696ab5390ac5c2b",
"result": {
"Success": {
"effect": {
"operations": [],
"transforms": [
{
"key": "hash-8cf5e4acf51f54eb59291599187838dc3bc234089c46fc6ca8ad17e762ae4401",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "account-hash-1ed5a1c39bea93c105f2d22c965a84b205b36734a377d05dbb103b6bfaa595a7",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "account-hash-1ed5a1c39bea93c105f2d22c965a84b205b36734a377d05dbb103b6bfaa595a7",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-8cf5e4acf51f54eb59291599187838dc3bc234089c46fc6ca8ad17e762ae4401",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-8cf5e4acf51f54eb59291599187838dc3bc234089c46fc6ca8ad17e762ae4401",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-624dbe2395b9d9503fbee82162f1714ebff6b639f96d2084d26d944c354ec4c5",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-8cf5e4acf51f54eb59291599187838dc3bc234089c46fc6ca8ad17e762ae4401",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-010c3fe81b7b862e50c77ef9a958a05bfa98444f26f96f23d37a13c96244cfb7",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-010c3fe81b7b862e50c77ef9a958a05bfa98444f26f96f23d37a13c96244cfb7",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-9824d60dc3a5c44a20b9fd260a412437933835b52fc683d8ae36e4ec2114843e",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-010c3fe81b7b862e50c77ef9a958a05bfa98444f26f96f23d37a13c96244cfb7",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "balance-11e6fc5354f61a004df98482376c45964b8b1557e8f2f13fb5f3adab5faa8be1",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "balance-98d945f5324f865243b7c02c0417ab6eac361c5c56602fd42ced834a1ba201b6",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "balance-11e6fc5354f61a004df98482376c45964b8b1557e8f2f13fb5f3adab5faa8be1",
"transform": {
"WriteCLValue": {
"cl_type": "U512",
"bytes": "06621c3e660301",
"parsed": "1114111876194"
}
}
},
{
"key": "balance-98d945f5324f865243b7c02c0417ab6eac361c5c56602fd42ced834a1ba201b6",
"transform": {
"AddUInt512": "100000000"
}
},
{
"key": "hash-8cf5e4acf51f54eb59291599187838dc3bc234089c46fc6ca8ad17e762ae4401",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "account-hash-1ed5a1c39bea93c105f2d22c965a84b205b36734a377d05dbb103b6bfaa595a7",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "account-hash-1ed5a1c39bea93c105f2d22c965a84b205b36734a377d05dbb103b6bfaa595a7",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-8cf5e4acf51f54eb59291599187838dc3bc234089c46fc6ca8ad17e762ae4401",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-8cf5e4acf51f54eb59291599187838dc3bc234089c46fc6ca8ad17e762ae4401",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-624dbe2395b9d9503fbee82162f1714ebff6b639f96d2084d26d944c354ec4c5",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-8cf5e4acf51f54eb59291599187838dc3bc234089c46fc6ca8ad17e762ae4401",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-010c3fe81b7b862e50c77ef9a958a05bfa98444f26f96f23d37a13c96244cfb7",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-010c3fe81b7b862e50c77ef9a958a05bfa98444f26f96f23d37a13c96244cfb7",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-9824d60dc3a5c44a20b9fd260a412437933835b52fc683d8ae36e4ec2114843e",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-010c3fe81b7b862e50c77ef9a958a05bfa98444f26f96f23d37a13c96244cfb7",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "balance-11e6fc5354f61a004df98482376c45964b8b1557e8f2f13fb5f3adab5faa8be1",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "balance-98d945f5324f865243b7c02c0417ab6eac361c5c56602fd42ced834a1ba201b6",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "balance-11e6fc5354f61a004df98482376c45964b8b1557e8f2f13fb5f3adab5faa8be1",
"transform": {
"WriteCLValue": {
"cl_type": "U512",
"bytes": "06621c3e660301",
"parsed": "1114111876194"
}
}
},
{
"key": "balance-98d945f5324f865243b7c02c0417ab6eac361c5c56602fd42ced834a1ba201b6",
"transform": {
"AddUInt512": "100000000"
}
},
{
"key": "hash-010c3fe81b7b862e50c77ef9a958a05bfa98444f26f96f23d37a13c96244cfb7",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-010c3fe81b7b862e50c77ef9a958a05bfa98444f26f96f23d37a13c96244cfb7",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-9824d60dc3a5c44a20b9fd260a412437933835b52fc683d8ae36e4ec2114843e",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-010c3fe81b7b862e50c77ef9a958a05bfa98444f26f96f23d37a13c96244cfb7",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "balance-11e6fc5354f61a004df98482376c45964b8b1557e8f2f13fb5f3adab5faa8be1",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "balance-8294864177c2c1ec887a11dae095e487b5256ce6bd2a1f2740d0e4f28bd3251c",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "balance-11e6fc5354f61a004df98482376c45964b8b1557e8f2f13fb5f3adab5faa8be1",
"transform": {
"WriteCLValue": {
"cl_type": "U512",
"bytes": "06622a383c0201",
"parsed": "1109111876194"
}
}
},
{
"key": "balance-8294864177c2c1ec887a11dae095e487b5256ce6bd2a1f2740d0e4f28bd3251c",
"transform": {
"AddUInt512": "5000000000"
}
},
{
"key": "transfer-0de7250864e67aa76626a844dcc931e615284a13a110df3f97cec9e3e97af405",
"transform": {
"WriteTransfer": {
"deploy_hash": "1f17a0bdeaaf71abd03492c854cdf97f746432751721ce555e95b9cefe641e3c",
"from": "account-hash-e70dbca48c2d31bc2d754e51860ceaa8a1a49dc627b20320b0ecee1b6d9ce655",
"to": "account-hash-1ed5a1c39bea93c105f2d22c965a84b205b36734a377d05dbb103b6bfaa595a7",
"source": "uref-11e6fc5354f61a004df98482376c45964b8b1557e8f2f13fb5f3adab5faa8be1-007",
"target": "uref-8294864177c2c1ec887a11dae095e487b5256ce6bd2a1f2740d0e4f28bd3251c-004",
"amount": "5000000000",
"gas": "0",
"id": 11102023
}
}
},
{
"key": "deploy-1f17a0bdeaaf71abd03492c854cdf97f746432751721ce555e95b9cefe641e3c",
"transform": {
"WriteDeployInfo": {
"deploy_hash": "1f17a0bdeaaf71abd03492c854cdf97f746432751721ce555e95b9cefe641e3c",
"transfers": ["transfer-0de7250864e67aa76626a844dcc931e615284a13a110df3f97cec9e3e97af405"],
"from": "account-hash-e70dbca48c2d31bc2d754e51860ceaa8a1a49dc627b20320b0ecee1b6d9ce655",
"source": "uref-11e6fc5354f61a004df98482376c45964b8b1557e8f2f13fb5f3adab5faa8be1-007",
"gas": "100000000"
}
}
},
{
"key": "hash-8cf5e4acf51f54eb59291599187838dc3bc234089c46fc6ca8ad17e762ae4401",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-8cf5e4acf51f54eb59291599187838dc3bc234089c46fc6ca8ad17e762ae4401",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-624dbe2395b9d9503fbee82162f1714ebff6b639f96d2084d26d944c354ec4c5",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-8cf5e4acf51f54eb59291599187838dc3bc234089c46fc6ca8ad17e762ae4401",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "balance-98d945f5324f865243b7c02c0417ab6eac361c5c56602fd42ced834a1ba201b6",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-8cf5e4acf51f54eb59291599187838dc3bc234089c46fc6ca8ad17e762ae4401",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-010c3fe81b7b862e50c77ef9a958a05bfa98444f26f96f23d37a13c96244cfb7",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-9824d60dc3a5c44a20b9fd260a412437933835b52fc683d8ae36e4ec2114843e",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "hash-010c3fe81b7b862e50c77ef9a958a05bfa98444f26f96f23d37a13c96244cfb7",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "balance-98d945f5324f865243b7c02c0417ab6eac361c5c56602fd42ced834a1ba201b6",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "balance-da632bfba17f4a7882581de2a37219be71628600ccd0df83f1d42465bd018537",
"transform": "Identity"
},
{
"key": "balance-98d945f5324f865243b7c02c0417ab6eac361c5c56602fd42ced834a1ba201b6",
"transform": {
"WriteCLValue": {
"cl_type": "U512",
"bytes": "00",
"parsed": "0"
}
}
},
{
"key": "balance-da632bfba17f4a7882581de2a37219be71628600ccd0df83f1d42465bd018537",
"transform": {
"AddUInt512": "100000000"
}
}
]
},
"transfers": ["transfer-0de7250864e67aa76626a844dcc931e615284a13a110df3f97cec9e3e97af405"],
"cost": "100000000"
}
}
}
]
},
"id": -3447643973713335073
}
Refer to the Section on querying deploys for more information.
Verifying the Transfer
In addition to verifying the deploy, you also need to verify the transfer details. The deploy may have been successful, but you also need to ensure the source and target accounts were updated correctly.